It is the same as any other sale/trade in-game. No sales are guaranteed by Legacy it is all between the buyer and seller in-game and for them to work out.
As has been mentioned here, there's no simple way to trade character names. Probably why it's never come up before one word names were introduced.
Anything that is not traded through one action of Trade Window has a risk to go 'wrong'.
Nothing is stopping a trade moderator from doing the same thing, taking your items and armbraces. "Little to zero risk" doesn't exist, you're just hoping the trade moderator isn't having a bad day. Just like Bsoltan said, anything that requires two trades is always at the traders risk and it always has been. You are free to take the risk or not and participate in those sales or not.
except the sale of names has a risk that is completely different to selling a guild with a trusted third party. there are no random unknown accounts that can interfere with a guild sale with 2 parties plus 1 middleman. if somebody tries to steal something there is a loss of reputation because it can all be seen.
somebody could be creating a new character with a name thats being sold at just the right moment, without knowing of that sale. he has not made a deal with either party, does not owe anybody the name. sure it is an unlikely hypothetical scenario but its exists.
ANY account can take a name if the time is just right, people have brought up valid concerns above that can't be sufficiently explained away.
now take into account the amount of arms being thrown around for names, this is just begging for scam attempts AND people trying to snag names with good timing and possibly automated methods.
allowing this was poor judgment in the first place, the fact that it is 'allowed' gives these trades a seeming level of legitimacy that nobody can actually guarantee. so as soon as something goes wrong it makes legacy look bad. and even if there are no Terms of Service that could somehow be interpreted to forbid this (which i have not checked), i highly doubt that Anet likes to see this, given their history of making everything more accessible and less exclusive/expensive.